LaTex数学符号表
1、希腊、希伯来字母
大写 | 小写 | LaTex |
---|
A | α | \alpha |
B | β | \beta |
Γ | γ | \gamma |
Δ | δ | \delta |
E | ϵ or ε | \epsilon or \varepsilon |
Z | ζ | \zeta |
H | η | \eta |
Θ | θ or ϑ | \theta or \vartheta |
I | ι | \iota |
K | κ or ϰ | \kappa or \varkappa |
Λ | λ | \lamda |
M | μ | \mu |
N | ν | \nu |
Ξ | ξ | \xi |
O | ο | \omicron |
Π | π or ϖ | \pi or \varpi |
P | ρ or ϱ | \rho or \varrho |
Σ | σ or ς | \sigma or \varsigma |
T | τ | \tau |
Υ | υ | \upsilon |
Φ | ϕ or φ | \phi or \varphi |
X | χ | \chi |
Ψ | ψ | \psi |
Ω | ω | \omega |
- | ϝ | \digamma |
- | ℵ | \aleph |
- | ℶ | \beth |
- | ℸ | \daleth |
- | ℸ | \daleth |
- | ℷ | \gimel |
注: 大写将LaTex表达式第一个字母大写即可。
2 LaTex数学结构
公式 | LaTex | 公式 | LaTex |
\(\frac{abc}{xyz}\) | \frac{abc}{xyz} | \(\overline{abc}\) | \overline{abc} |
\(f'\) | f' | \(\underline{abc}\) | \underline{abc} |
\(\sqrt{abc}\) | \sqrt{abc} | \(\widehat{abc}\) | \widehat{abc} |
\(\sqrt[n]{abc}\) | \sqrt[n]{abc} | \(\widetilde{abc}\) | \widetilde{abc} |
\(\overrightarrow{abc}\) | \overrightarrow{abc} | | |
\(\overleftarrow{abc}\) | \overleftarrow{abc} | | |
\(\overbrace{abc}\) | \overbrace{abc} | | |
\(\underbrace{abc}\) | \underbrace{abc} | | |
3 矩阵、行列式、数组
格式 | LaTex | 格式 | LaTex |
\[\begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{matrix}\] | \begin{matrix} a & b \\ c & d
\end{matrix} | \[\begin{array}{cc} a & b \\ c & d \end{array}\] | \begin{array}{cc} a & b \\ c & d
\end{array} |
\[\begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix}\] | \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d
\end{pmatrix} | \[\begin{bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{bmatrix}\] | \begin{bmatrix}
\end{matrix}
a & b \\ c & d
\end{bmatrix} |
\[\begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}\] | \begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d
\end{vmatrix} | \[\begin{Vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Vmatrix}\] | \begin{Vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Vmatrix} |
\[\begin{Bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{Bmatrix}\] | \begin{Bmatrix} a & b \\ c & d
\end{Bmatrix} | \[\def\arraystretch{1.5} \begin{array}{c:c:c} a & b & c \\ \hline d & e & f \\ \hdashline g & h & i \end{array}\] | \def\arraystretch{1.5}
\begin{array}{c:c:c} a & b & c \\ \hline d & e & f \\
\hdashline g & h & i
\end{array} |
\[x = \begin{cases} a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d \end{cases}\] | x = \begin{cases} a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d
\end{cases} | \[\begin{rcases} a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d \end{rcases}⇒…\] | \begin{rcases}
a &\text{if } b \\ c &\text{if } d
\end{rcases}⇒… |
\[\begin{smallmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{smallmatrix}\] | \begin{smallmatrix} a & b \\ c & d
\end{smallmatrix} | \[\sum_{ \begin{subarray}{l} i\in\Lambda\\ 0<j<n \end{subarray}}\] | \sum_{ \begin{subarray}{l} i\in\Lambda\\ 0<j<n
\end{subarray}} |
4 分隔符
符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex |
\(|\) | | | \(\{\) | \{ | \(/\) | \/ |
\(\vert\) | \vert | \(\}\) | \} | \(\backslash\) | \backslash |
\(\|\) | \| | \(\langle\) | \langle | \([\) | [ |
\(\Vert\) | \Vert | \(\rangle\) | \rangle | \(]\) | ] |
\(\Uparrow\) | \Uparrow | \(\llcorner\) | \llcorner | | |
\(\uparrow\) | \uparrow | \(\lrcorner\) | \lrcorner | | |
\(\Downarrow\) | \Downarrow | \(\ulcorner\) | \ulcorner | | |
\(\downarrow\) | \downarrow | \(\urcorner\) | \urcorner | | |
5 可变大小的符号
符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex |
\(\sum\) | \sum | \(\int\) | \int |
\(\prod\) | \prod | \(\oint\) | \oint |
\(\coprod\) | \coprod | \(\iint\) | \iint |
\(\biguplus\) | \biguplus | \(\bigoplus\) | \bigoplus |
\(\bigcap\) | \bigcap | \(\bigotimes\) | \bigotimes |
\(\bigcup\) | \bigcup | \(\bigodot\) | \bigodot |
\(\bigvee\) | \bigvee | | |
\(\bigwedge\) | \bigwedge | | |
\(\bigsqcup\) | \bigsqcup | | |
6 标准函数名
函数 | LaTex | 函数 | LaTex |
\(\arccos\) | \arccos | \(\arcsin\) | \arcsin |
\(\cos\) | \cos | \(\cosh\) | \cosh |
\(\csc\) | \csc | \(\deg\) | \deg |
\(\exp\) | \exp | \(\gcd\) | \gcd |
\(\ker\) | \ker | \(\lg\) | \lg |
\(\limsup\) | \limsup | \(\ln\) | \ln |
\(\min\) | \min | \(\Pr\) | \Pr |
\(\sinh\) | \sinh | \(\sup\) | \sup |
\(\arctan\) | \arctan | \(\arg\) | \arg |
\(\cot\) | \cot | \(\coth\) | \coth |
\(\det\) | \det | \(\dim\) | \dim |
\(\hom\) | \hom | \(\inf\) | \inf |
\(\lim\) | \lim | \(\liminf\) | \liminf |
\(\log\) | \log | \(\max\) | \max |
\(\sec\) | \sec | \(\sin\) | \sin |
\(\tan\) | \tan | \(\tanh\) | \tanh |
7 二元运算/关系符号
符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex |
\(\ast\) | \ast | \(\pm\) | \pm | \(\cap\) | \cap |
\(\star\) | \star | \(\mp\) | \mp | \(\cup\) | \cup |
\(\cdot\) | \cdot | \(\amalg\) | \amalg | \(\uplus\) | \uplus |
\(\circ\) | \circ | \(\odot\) | \odot | \(\sqcap\) | \sqcap |
\(\bullet\) | \bullet | \(\ominus\) | \ominus | \(\sqcup\) | \sqcup |
\(\bigcirc\) | \bigcirc | \(\oplus\) | \oplus | \(\wedge\) | \wedge |
\(\diamond\) | \diamond | \(\oslash\) | \oslash | \(\vee\) | \vee |
\(\times\) | \times | \(\otimes\) | \otimes | \(\dagger\) | \dagger |
\(\div\) | \div | \(\wr\) | \wr | \(\ddagger\) | \ddagger |
\(\centerdot\) | \centerdot | \(\Box\) | \Box | \(\barwedge\) | \barwedge |
\(\circledast\) | \circledast | \(\boxplus\) | \boxplus | \(\curlywedge\) | \curlywedge |
\(\circledcirc\) | \circledcirc | \(\boxminus\) | \boxminus | \(\Cap\) | \Cap |
\(\circleddash\) | \circleddash | \(\boxtimes\) | \boxtimes | \(\bot\) | \bot |
\(\dotplus\) | \dotplus | \(\boxdot\) | \boxdot | \(\intercal\) | \intercal |
\(\divideontimes\) | \divideontimes | \(\square\) | \square | \(\doublebarwedge\) | \doublebarwedge |
\(\lhd\) | \lhd | \(\equiv\) | \equiv | \(\subseteq\) | \subseteq |
\(\rhd\) | \rhd | \(\cong\) | \cong | \(\sqsubset\) | \sqsubset |
\(\triangleleft\) | \triangleleft | \(\neq\) | \neq | \(\sqsubseteq\) | \sqsubseteq |
\(\triangleright\) | \triangleright | \(\sim\) | \sim | \(\dashv\) | \dashv |
\(\unlhd\) | \unlhd | \(\simeq\) | \simeq | \(\in\) | \in |
\(\unrhd\) | \unrhd | \(\approx\) | \approx | \(\geq\) | \geq |
\(\bigtriangledown\) | \bigtriangledown | \(\asymp\) | \asymp | \(\succ\) | \succ |
\(\bigtriangleup\) | \bigtriangleup | \(\doteq\) | \doteq | \(\succeq\) | \succeq |
\(\setminus\) | \setminus | \(\propto\) | \propto | \(\gg\) | \gg |
\(\veebar\) | \veebar | \(\models\) | \models | \(\supset\) | \supset |
\(\curlyvee\) | \curlyvee | \(\leq\) | \leq | \(\supseteq\) | \supseteq |
\(\Cup\) | \Cup | \(\prec\) | \prec | \(\sqsupset\) | \sqsupset |
\(\top\) | \top | \(\preceq\) | \preceq | \(\sqsupseteq\) | \sqsupseteq |
\(\rightthreetimes\) | \rightthreetimes | \(\ll\) | \ll | \(\vdash\) | \vdash |
\(\leftthreetimes\) | \leftthreetimes | \(\subset\) | \subset | \(\ni\) | \ni |
\(\perp\) | \perp | \(\approxeq\) | \approxeq | \(\fallingdotseq\) | \fallingdotseq |
\(\mid\) | \mid | \(\thicksim\) | \thicksim | \(\risingdotseq\) | \risingdotseq |
\(\parallel\) | \parallel | \(\backsim\) | \backsim | \(\varpropto\) | \varpropto |
\(\bowtie\) | \bowtie | \(\backsimeq\) | \backsimeq | \(\therefore\) | \therefore |
\(\Join\) | \Join | \(\triangleq\) | \triangleq | \(\because\) | \because |
\(\ltimes\) | \ltimes | \(\circeq\) | \circeq | \(\eqcirc\) | \eqcirc |
\(\rtimes\) | \rtimes | \(\bumpeq\) | \bumpeq | \(\neq\) | \neq |
\(\smile\) | \smile | \(\Bumpeq\) | \Bumpeq | \(\leqq\) | \leqq |
\(\frown\) | \frown | \(\doteqdot\) | \doteqdot | \(\leqslant\) | \leqslant |
\(\notin\) | \notin | \(\thickapprox\) | \thickapprox | \(\lessapprox\) | \lessapprox |
\(\lll\) | \lll | \(\preccurlyeq\) | \preccurlyeq | \(\gtrdot\) | \gtrdot |
\(\lessdot\) | \lessdot | \(\curlyeqprec\) | \curlyeqprec | \(\gtrsim\) | \gtrsim |
\(\lesssim\) | \lesssim | \(\blacktriangleleft\) | \blacktriangleleft | \(\eqslantgtr\) | \eqslantgtr |
\(\eqslantless\) | \eqslantless | \(\trianglelefteq\) | \trianglelefteq | \(\succsim\) | \succsim |
\(\precsim\) | \precsim | \(\vartriangleleft\) | \vartriangleleft | \(\succapprox\) | \succapprox |
\(\precapprox\) | \precapprox | \(\geqq\) | \geqq | \(\Supset\) | \Supset |
\(\Subset\) | \Subset | \(\geqslant\) | \geqslant | \(\supseteqq\) | \supseteqq |
\(\subseteqq\) | \subseteqq | \(\gtrapprox\) | \gtrapprox | \(\sqsupset\) | \sqsupset |
\(\sqsubset\) | \sqsubset | \(\ggg\) | \ggg | \(\succcurlyeq\) | \succcurlyeq |
\(\curlyeqsucc\) | \curlyeqsucc | \(\lessgtr\) | \lessgtr | \(\gtreqless\) | \gtreqless |
\(\blacktriangleright\) | \blacktriangleright | \(\lesseqgtr\) | \lesseqgtr | \(\gtrless\) | \gtrless |
\(\trianglerighteq\) | \trianglerighteq | \(\lesseqqgtr\) | \lesseqqgtr | \(\backepsilon\) | \backepsilon |
\(\vartriangleright\) | \vartriangleright | \(\gtreqqless\) | \gtreqqless | \(\between\) | v |
\(\pitchfork\) | \pitchfork | \(\shortmid\) | \shortmid | \(\smallfrown\) | \smallfrown |
\(\smallsmile\) | \smallsmile | \(\smallsmile\) | \smallsmile | \(\vDash\) | \vDash |
\(\Vvdash\) | \Vvdash | \(\shortparallel\) | \shortparallel | \(\nshortparallel\) | \nshortparallel |
\(\ncong\) | \ncong | \(\nleq\) | \nleq | \(\ngeq\) | \ngeq |
\(\nmid\) | \nmid | \(\nleqq\) | \nleqq | \(\ngeqq\) | \ngeqq |
\(\nparallel\) | \nparallel | \(\nleqslant\) | \nleqslant | \(\ngeqslant\) | \ngeqslant |
\(\nshortmid\) | \nshortmid | \(\nless\) | \nless | \(\ngtr\) | \ngtr |
\(\nshortparallel\) | \nshortparallel | \(\nprec\) | \nprec | \(\nsucc\) | $\nsucc$ |
\(\nsim\) | \nsim | \(\npreceq\) | \npreceq | \(\nsucceq\) | \nsucceq |
\(\nVDash\) | \nVDash | \(\precnapprox\) | \precnapprox | \(\succnapprox\) | \succnapprox |
\(\nvDash\) | \nvDash | \(\precnsim\) | \precnsim | \(\succnsim\) | \succnsim |
\(\nvdash\) | \nvdash | \(\lnapprox\) | \lnapprox | \(\gnapprox\) | \gnapprox |
\(\ntriangleleft\) | \ntriangleleft | \(\lneq\) | \lneq | \(\gneq\) | \gneq |
\(\ntrianglelefteq\) | \ntrianglelefteq | \(\lneqq\) | \lneqq | \(\gneqq\) | \gneqq |
\(\ntriangleright\) | \ntriangleright | \(\lnsim\) | \lnsim | \(\gnsim\) | \gnsim |
\(\ntrianglerighteq\) | \ntrianglerighteq | \(\lvertneqq\) | \lvertneqq | \(\gvertneqq\) | \gvertneqq |
\(\nsubseteq\) | \nsubseteq | \(\subsetneq\) | \subsetneq | \(\varsubsetneq\) | \varsubsetneq |
\(\nsupseteq\) | \nsupseteq | \(\supsetneq\) | \supsetneq | \(\varsupsetneq\) | \varsupsetneq |
\(\nsubseteqq\) | \nsubseteqq | \(\subsetneqq\) | \subsetneqq | \(\varsubsetneqq\) | \varsubsetneqq |
\(\nsupseteqq\) | \nsupseteqq | \(\supsetneqq\) | \supsetneqq | \(\varsupsetneqq\) | \varsupsetneqq |
8 箭头符号
符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex |
\(\leftarrow\) | \leftarrow | \(\longleftarrow\) | \longleftarrow | \(\uparrow\) | \uparrow |
\(\Leftarrow\) | \Leftarrow | \(\Longleftarrow\) | \Longleftarrow | \(\Uparrow\) | \Uparrow |
\(\rightarrow\) | \rightarrow | \(\longrightarrow\) | \longrightarrow | \(\downarrow\) | \downarrow |
\(\Rightarrow\) | \Rightarrow | \(\Longrightarrow\) | \Longrightarrow | \(\Downarrow\) | \Downarrow |
\(\leftrightarrow\) | \leftrightarrow | \(\longleftrightarrow\) | \longleftrightarrow | \(\updownarrow\) | \updownarrow |
\(\Leftrightarrow\) | \Leftrightarrow | \(\Longleftrightarrow\) | \Longleftrightarrow | \(\Updownarrow\) | \Updownarrow |
\(\mapsto\) | \mapsto | \(\longmapsto\) | \longmapsto | \(\nearrow\) | \nearrow |
\(\hookleftarrow\) | \hookleftarrow | \(\hookrightarrow\) | \hookrightarrow | \(\searrow\) | \searrow |
\(\leftharpoonup\) | \leftharpoonup | \(\rightharpoonup\) | \rightharpoonup | \(\swarrow\) | \swarrow |
\(\leftharpoondown\) | \leftharpoondown | \(\rightharpoondown\) | \rightharpoondown | \(\nwarrow\) | \nwarrow |
\(\rightleftharpoons\) | \rightleftharpoons | \(\leadsto\) | \leadsto | | |
\(\dashrightarrow\) | \dashrightarrow | \(\dashleftarrow\) | \dashleftarrow | \(\leftleftarrows\) | \leftleftarrows |
\(\leftrightarrows\) | \leftrightarrows | \(\Lleftarrow\) | \Lleftarrow | \(\twoheadleftarrow\) | \twoheadleftarrow |
\(\leftarrowtail\) | \leftarrowtail | \(\looparrowleft\) | \looparrowleft | \(\leftrightharpoons\) | \leftrightharpoons |
\(\curvearrowleft\) | \curvearrowleft | \(\circlearrowleft\) | \circlearrowleft | \(\Lsh\) | \Lsh |
\(\upuparrows\) | \upuparrows | \(\upharpoonleft\) | \upharpoonleft | \(\downharpoonleft\) | \downharpoonleft |
\(\multimap\) | \multimap | \(\leftrightsquigarrow\) | \leftrightsquigarrow | \(\rightrightarrows\) | \rightrightarrows |
\(\rightleftarrows\) | \rightleftarrows | \(\rightrightarrows\) | \rightrightarrows | \(\rightleftarrows\) | \rightleftarrows |
\(\twoheadrightarrow\) | \twoheadrightarrow | \(\rightarrowtail\) | \rightarrowtail | \(\looparrowright\) | \looparrowright |
\(\rightleftharpoons\) | \rightleftharpoons | \(\curvearrowright\) | \curvearrowright | \(\circlearrowright\) | \circlearrowright |
\(\Rsh\) | \Rsh | \(\downdownarrows\) | \downdownarrows | \(\upharpoonright\) | \upharpoonright |
\(\downharpoonright\) | \downharpoonright | \(\rightsquigarrow\) | \rightsquigarrow | | |
\(\nleftarrow\) | \nleftarrow | \(\nrightarrow\) | \nrightarrow | \(\nLeftarrow\) | \nLeftarrow |
\(\nRightarrow\) | \nRightarrow | \(\nleftrightarrow\) | \nleftrightarrow | \(\nLeftrightarrow\) | \nLeftrightarrow |
9 其他符号
符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex | 符号 | LaTex |
\(\infty\) | \infty | \(\forall\) | \forall | \(\Bbbk\) | \Bbbk |
\(\nabla\) | \nabla | \(\exists\) | \exists | \(\bigstar\) | \bigstar |
\(\partial\) | \partial | \(\nexists\) | \nexists | \(\diagdown\) | \diagdown |
\(\eth\) | \eth | \(\emptyset\) | \emptyset | \(\diagup\) | \diagup |
\(\clubsuit\) | \clubsuit | \(\varnothing\) | \varnothing | \(\Diamond\) | \Diamond |
\(\diamondsuit\) | \diamondsuit | \(\imath\) | \imath | \(\Finv\) | \Finv |
\(\heartsuit\) | \heartsuit | \(\jmath\) | \jmath | \(\Game\) | \Game |
\(\spadesuit\) | \spadesuit | \(\ell\) | \ell | \(\hbar\) | \hbar |
\(\cdots\) | \cdots | \(\iiint\) | \iiint | \(\hslash\) | \hslash |
\(\vdots\) | \vdots | \(\iiint\) | \iiint | \(\lozenge\) | \lozenge |
\(\ldots\) | \ldots | \(\iint\) | \iint | \(\mho\) | \mho |
\(\ddots\) | \ddots | \(\sharp\) | \sharp | \(\prime\) | \prime |
\(\Im\) | \Im | \(\flat\) | \flat | \(\square\) | \square |
\(\Re\) | \Re | \(\natural\) | \natural | \(\surd\) | \surd |
\(\wp\) | \wp | \(\angle\) | \angle | \(\measuredangle\) | \measuredangle |
\(\sphericalangle\) | \sphericalangle | \(\complement\) | \complement | \(\triangledown\) | \triangledown |
\(\triangle\) | \triangle | \(\vartriangle\) | \vartriangle | \(\blacklozenge\) | \blacklozenge |
\(\blacksquare\) | \blacksquare | \(\blacktriangle\) | \blacktriangle | \(\blacktriangledown\) | \blacktrinagledown |
\(\backprime\) | \backprime | \(\circledS\) | \circledS | | |
10 字体
Caligraphic字体$\mathcal{A}$
:\(\mathcal{A} \, \mathcal{B} \, \mathcal{C} \, \mathcal{D} \, \mathcal{E} \, \mathcal{F} \, \mathcal{G} \, \mathcal{H} \, \mathcal{I} \, \mathcal{J} \, \mathcal{K} \, \mathcal{L} \, \mathcal{M} \, \mathcal{N} \, \mathcal{O} \, \mathcal{P} \, \mathcal{Q} \, \mathcal{R} \, \mathcal{S} \, \mathcal{T} \, \mathcal{U} \, \mathcal{V} \, \mathcal{W} \, \mathcal{X} \, \mathcal{Y} \, \mathcal{Z}\)
Mathbb字体$\mathbb{A}$
:\(\mathbb{A} \, \mathbb{B} \, \mathbb{C} \, \mathbb{D} \, \mathbb{E} \, \mathbb{F} \, \mathbb{G} \, \mathbb{H} \, \mathbb{I} \, \mathbb{J} \, \mathbb{K} \, \mathbb{L} \, \mathbb{M} \, \mathbb{N} \, \mathbb{O} \, \mathbb{P} \, \mathbb{Q} \, \mathbb{R} \, \mathbb{S} \, \mathbb{T} \, \mathbb{U} \, \mathbb{W} \, \mathbb{X} \, \mathbb{Y} \, \mathbb{Z}\)
Mathfrak字体$\mathfrak{A}$
:\(\mathfrak{A} \, \mathfrak{B} \, \mathfrak{C} \, \mathfrak{D} \, \mathfrak{E} \, \mathfrak{F} \, \mathfrak{G} \, \mathfrak{H} \, \mathfrak{I} \, \mathfrak{J} \, \mathfrak{K} \, \mathfrak{L} \, \mathfrak{M} \, \mathfrak{N} \, \mathfrak{O} \, \mathfrak{P} \, \mathfrak{Q} \, \mathfrak{R} \, \mathfrak{S} \, \mathfrak{T} \, \mathfrak{U} \, \mathfrak{V} \, \mathfrak{W} \, \mathfrak{X} \, \mathfrak{Y} \, \mathfrak{Z}\)
Sans serif字体$\mathsf{A}$
:\(\mathsf{A} \, \mathsf{B} \, \mathsf{C} \, \mathsf{D} \, \mathsf{E} \, \mathsf{F} \, \mathsf{G} \, \mathsf{H} \, \mathsf{I} \, \mathsf{J} \, \mathsf{K} \, \mathsf{L} \, \mathsf{M} \, \mathsf{N} \, \mathsf{O} \, \mathsf{P} \, \mathsf{Q} \, \mathsf{R} \, \mathsf{S} \, \mathsf{T} \, \mathsf{U} \, \mathsf{V} \, \mathsf{W} \, \mathsf{X} \, \mathsf{Y} \, \mathsf{Z}\)
粗体字$\mathbf{A}$
:\(\mathbf{A} \, \mathbf{B} \, \mathbf{C} \, \mathbf{D} \, \mathbf{E} \, \mathbf{F} \, \mathbf{G} \, \mathbf{H} \, \mathbf{I} \, \mathbf{J} \, \mathbf{K} \, \mathbf{L} \, \mathbf{M} \, \mathbf{N} \, \mathbf{O} \, \mathbf{P} \, \mathbf{Q} \, \mathbf{R} \, \mathbf{S} \, \mathbf{T} \, \mathbf{U} \, \mathbf{V} \, \mathbf{W} \, \mathbf{X} \, \mathbf{Y} \, \mathbf{Z}\)